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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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00189_Text_ref21t.txt
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1996-12-31
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The Problem of Distortion
Even though the line and color
in CezanneΓÇÖs Fruit and Jug
(1890-94) is distorted, the
apples do look real. CezanneΓÇÖs
style expresses the tension
between how the artist saw the
natural world and how he knew
it should be "realistically"
represented.
That dual modes of awareness
are important in perceiving
pictures is brought out by one of
the most striking facts about
picture perception: Neither the
appreciation of a pictureΓÇÖs
artistic merit nor a proper
perception of what it
represents depends upon any
particular viewing position. If
this were not true, we would
have to maneuver ourselves
into a special position in
viewing a picture, much as one
has to do in viewing the Pozzo
ceiling. The pictureΓÇÖs retinal
image is distorted when we
view it from the side, from
below, or from above, but we
correct for the distortion.
Suppose, for example, the
artist has represented a sphere
by a circle. If we view the
canvas from the side, the circle
projects as an ellipse. But
because we have information
that we are viewing the canvas
from the side, we take that
orientation into account in
interpreting what the
ellipitical image representsΓÇöΓÇô
namely, a circle. Thus we
implicitly assume that the
correct position for viewing
pictures is from directly in
front. Such a process of
achieving shape constancy
must occur before we go on to
interpret what the shapes on
the canvas represent in the
world. The perceived circle is
then interpreted as
representing a sphere.